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小升初常考语法
1. put down 放下 shut down 把……关上 cut down 砍掉
come down 下来、落下 slow down 减缓、放慢 sit down 坐下
write down 写下 get down 下来,降落
2. after all 毕竟、终究 after that 于是,然后 day after day 日复一日地
one after another 相继soon after 不久以后 the day after tomorrow 后天
3. come up with 找到、提出 catch up with 赶上 wake up 弄醒、醒来
send up 发射 open up 开设、开办 grow up 长大
pick up 拾起、捡起 hands up 举手 eat up 吃光
clean up 打扫干净 give up doing sth.等于stop doing sth. 放弃做某事
4. arrive at/in + n. 到达 get to +n. 到达 reach + n. 到达 arrive / get +adv.到达
5. get…back 退还, 送回去,取回 give back 归还 come back 回来
at the back of 在……的后面 on the way（ back）home 在回家路上
6. at least 至少 at breakfast 早餐时 at desk 在桌前 at once 立刻,马上at school 在上学 at the same time 同时 at work 在工作
be good at等于do well in 善长 laugh at 嘲笑 not…at all 一点也不 at first 起初
at night 在晚上 at noon 中午 at the age of / when sb. was…years old在…… 岁时at last / in the end / finally 最后、终于 at the beginning of thetwenty-first century 在21 世纪初
at the end of 在……终点、结尾 at the moment /now 现在 at the foot
of 在…… 脚下at Christmas 在圣诞节 at any moment 任何时候 at times（sometimes）有时, 偶尔at the doctor’s 在医务室 be bad at 不善长7.for example 例如 for ever 永远be good for 对…… 有益 be bad for对……有害
for long等于for a long time 长期 for short 简称 be short for 是……的简称TV is short for“ television”.
8. come true 实现 come down 下来 come from等于be from 来自, 出生于come in/into 进入,进来 come on 赶快 come over 过来 come along 走吧,过来,快点
come and go 来来去去 come up 上来 come out 出来,（花）开,（照片）冲洗出来
9.even though等于even if 即使、虽然、尽管
10. be pleased with 对……感到满意 be covered with 被……覆盖
be expected to do sth. 被期望做某事 be proud of 以……自豪
speak highly of 称赞 be afraid of害怕 hear of 听说（ hear from sb. 收到某人的来信） of cause等于certainly 当然可以 plenty of等于 a lot of 许多
11.by the way 顺便说 by oneself 单独,独自 by the end of 到……为至by the time（ 引起时间状语从句） 到……的时候 one by one依次
by air / plane 乘飞机 by bus / train / car 乘公共汽车/ 火车/ 轿车（catch a bus 赶公交车get on / off the bus 上/ 下车take a bus to…等于goto…by bus 乘车去）
12.do / try one’s best 尽力 do one’s homework 做家庭作业
do（ the/some） shopping 购物do the cooking 烹饪 do some cleaning 打扫
do the / some washing 洗衣服do sport 做运动do with sb / sth. 处理welldone 干得好
13.early in the morning 一大早 in the early spring 初春
in my early days 我幼年时期early bus 早班车
14.make a contribution to 贡献给、捐献
make a telephone call to sb. /ring sb. up /give sb. a call /phone sb. 给某人打电话 connect…to…把……与……连接起来 be close to 靠近（某地）
give birth to 生（孩子） lose to sb 输给某人
15.either…or…或者……或者…… on either side of the street 街道任何一边
（on each side of the street 街道每一边 on both sides of the street 街道两边）
16.keep doing sth. 不停地做某事 （表示状态继续）
keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事（表示动作反复进行）
practise doing sth. 练习做某事 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事
finish doing sth. 做完某事 go on doing sth. 继续做某事（同一件事）
17.go on to do sth. 接着做某事（另一事） go straight along 沿着……一直往前走
go down 下降, go for a walk 散步, go over 复习 go shopping 买东西,go to the cinema 去看电影go well 进展顺利, go off to 动身前往,go out 外出, go to work 去上班, go up 上升,want a go 想试一试
18. think about 考虑 think of 认为、想起、考虑、想到
think over 仔细考虑 think out 想出talk about 谈论, worry about 担心,How / What about…？……怎么样？
19.borrow…from …从……借…….（lend…to… 把…… 借给……）
from door to door 挨家挨户,from time to time 时时 from now on 从今以后from then on 从那以后
b e d i f f e r e n t f r o m与……不同 learn…from…向……学习
20.get dressed 穿衣 get into 进入 get / belost 丢失 get off / on 下/上车
get on well with sb. 与某人相处得好 get out of 从……出来 get readyfor +n. 为……做准备get ready to do sth. 准备做某事 get / go to sleep（ fallasleep） 入睡 （be asleep 睡着） get warm 变暖 get well 康复 get a chance 有机会、得到机会
21. look for 寻找 wait for 等候 look after等于take care of 照看 look like 看起来像
look over 检查,复习 look out 小心,从里向外看 look the same 看起来一样
look up 向上看,查单词, look around 环视 look forward to 期望 lookthrough 温习,检查
22. set off 出发、动身 put off 推迟 keep off 避开、不靠近… drop off 放下（某物）
turn off 关 jump off 跳离, take off 脱（衣）（ 飞机）起飞
23. half a kilo 半千克 half an hour 半小时 in half 分成两半 half of the day半天
24. do eye exercises 做眼保健操 do morning exercises 做早操
take（ more） exercise（ 多）参加体育锻炼 an exercise book 练习本
25. take part in 参加 hand in 上交 in hospital 住院 in surprise 吃惊地 inthe sun 在阳光下 in trouble 处于困境 in a minute / moment 马上
26. lee for……动身去某地
27 feed on 以……为主食 live on 继续活
着 base on 以……为根据 carry on坚持、继续下去and so on 等等 on the other hand 另一方面 on foot 步行
2 8 . b e f a m o u or 以……著名 beexcited about +n./V-ing 对…… 感到兴奋 beinterested in 对……感兴趣be born 出生87小 升 初 考 点 一 览
he nothing / sth. to do with 与……无（有）关 he no idea 不知道
he（ one’s） medicine 服药
45. offer sb sth. 某人提供某物
46.win first prize 获一等奖
47.all over the world等于 around the world 等于throughout the world 全世界
48. all kinds of 各种各样的
49. neither… nor 既不……也不…….
50. not only … but also ……不但……而且 , both… and ……和……都
51. the more , the better 越多越好
52. all one’s life 一生
53. as soon as 一……就…… as soon as possible 尽可能早地、尽快 as well 等于 too 也as much as 至多 as little as 至少 regard …as 把……当作…… as if 好像
54. no matter 无论……
55 ever since 从那以后,此后一直
56.so far 到目前为止 or so 大约
57. another two hours（ 等于two more hours ） 又（再） 2 个小时
58. three times a week 一周三次
59. the number of ……的数量 a（ large / good） number of / large numbers of / many 许多
60.less than 少于 less and less 越来越少
61.…is another way of saying ……什么是……的另一说法
Quick is another way of saying fast. Bike is short for bicycle.
62. not…until…直到……才……
63.be like 像 feel like +n./V-ing 想要 like best 最喜欢 would like to 想要
64.the 24 hour clock 24 小时制
65.wash away 冲走 run away 逃跑 take away 带走
66.before long 不久 long before / ago 很久以前 for long 等于for a long time长期
no longer 等于 not…any longer 不再
67.more or less 等于 about 或多或少 大约more than 等于 over 多于,超过
68.every year 每年 every four years 每隔四年 every other day 每隔一天
everyday English / life 日常英语/ 生活
69. next to 紧挨着 next door 隔壁,邻居 next year 明年 next time 下次
70.receive / get / he a letter from sb. 等于 hear from sb 收到某人的来信
71.on show 等于 on display 展览
72.be filled with / be full of 充满……
73. thank to 等于because of 由于
74.some day 等于one day（ 将来）某一天 all day 终日 day and night 夜夜
in a day or two 一两天内 in the old days 从前,旧社会
from day to day（ day after day）日复一日
the day before yesterday 前天
the day after tomorrow 后天
Tree Planting Day 植树节 Women’s Day妇女节
75. keep / stop / prevent…（ from） doing
sth. 防止（阻止）……做某事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing
sth. 停止做某事
76.nice and +adj. 等于 very +adj. 很,非常
77. a place（ places） of interest 名胜
78.three quarters of the information on the
Internet 因特网上四分之三的信息
two thirds of the books 三分之二的书
79. credit card 信用卡
80. the increasing
population 增长着的人口
81 a path of trel 旅行路线
82. point at / to 指向
83. by sea 等于 by ship 乘船 by the sea 等于 on the sea 在海边 at sea 在海上
84. set one’s mind to do sth. 一心想做某事
85 .multiply…by… 乘以……
86. See you ！ 再见 You see. 你知道你明白, 你瞧 Let me see. 让我想想see sb. off 给某人送行 see a / the doctor 看病 see sb. do / doing sth. 看见某人做某事
87 some…others 一些（人,物）……其他（人,物） one…another 一个……另一个（三者或以上 ） one…the other 一个……另一个（总数二个）
88. be worn out 穿旧,磨坏 check out 核实,检查 write out 写出take sth. out of 从……拿出/ 取出某物
89. in this way 用这种方法 in a few year’s time 几年以后 in space 在太空
in and out of class 在课内课外 in the last fifteen minutes 在最后十五分钟里
in the second half 在下半场 later in one’s life 在某人后半身 in the air 在空中
in the open air 在户外
90.give sb. an injection 给某人打针 get an injection 打针
91.he been to 去过某地 he gone to 到某地去了
92.here + be+ 名词+ for+ 某人 （ Here is a letter for you.这儿有你的一封信.）
93.be far behind + 某人 （He is far behind others. 他落后于别人.）
94. one of + adj. 最高级+ 复数名词
9 5 . t a k e + 某物+with + 某人（You’d better takean umbrella with you.你最好带上雨伞）
9 6 . p r e f e r t o 等于
like…better than宁愿,更喜欢prefer + V-ing（ to do sth.）
（ I prefer doing（ to do） it myself . 我喜欢自己做那件事.）
Would / should 等情态动词 + prefer + 不定式
I would prefer to do it myself. 我宁愿自己做那件事.
prefer + 名词（v-ing） + to+ 名词（ v-ing）
I prefer learning English to playing football. 我愿意学英语而不愿踢足球.
prefer + 不定式（名词）+ rather than + 不带to 的不定式
I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus. 我喜欢走着去那里,而不愿乘车.
prefer + 名词（代词） to do sth.
We prefer her not to come. 我们宁愿她不来.
97. 人+ spend +time（ money） +（in） doing sth.
I spent over two hours（ in） finishing my homework. 我花了两个多小时完成家庭作业.
人 + spend + time（ money） + on + 名词
He spent 1,000 on the TV set . 他花了一千元买电视机.
人 + pay + money +for +sth.
He paid ten yuan for the book . 他花了10 元钱买那本书.
It + takes（ will take, / took…） + sb. + time（ money） + to do sth.
It’ll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus. 乘车去那里只花你
10 分钟.
物+ cost +（ sb.） + money
The dictionary cost me 20 yuan . 我花20 元钱买了那本词典.
98. do with + sb. / sth.
What he you done with the pork ？ 那些肉你怎么处理了？
99. mind + if 从句
Do you mind if I open the window ？我开窗你不反对吧？
mind + V-ing
Would you mind turning on the TV ？打开电视你不反对吧？
100. What…for ？ / Why…？ （What do you learn English for ？ 等于 Why
do you learn English ？）
101. need + 名词（ v-ing）,（ The students need some help.学生们需要帮助.This pair of shoes needs mending. 这双鞋需要修理.）
102.“ be used for+ 名词（v-ing）,”被用来做……（A writing brush is
used for writing.）“ be used as+ 名词”, 被作为……使用（ English is used asthe first language in these countries. ）“ be used by+ 作执行者”, 被……使用.
103.be made of 由……制造 （This table is made of wood . 这张课桌是木制的.）
be made from 由……制成 （This kind of paper is made from wood . 这种纸是用木材制成的.）
be made in+地点,“ 某地制造”（These cars are made in Germany.）
be made by+人,“ 由谁制造的”（ This kite is made by Kate .）
104. more developed countries 发达国家
less developed countries 不发达国家
developing countries 发展中国家
105.be worth + money（ V-ing）, 值……钱；值得做……
This car is worth more than two million yuan inChina.
This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一读.
106. the Summer Palace 颐和园
Tian’anmen Square 天安门广场
the Palace Museum 故宫the Great Hall of the People 人民大会堂
the Temple of Heen 天坛the Great Green Wall 绿色长城
PLA 中国人民解放军 PRC 中华人民共和国
the Party 中国 the League 共青团 Peking Opera 京剧
107. a digital camera 数字照相机 a doctor for animals 等于 an animal doctor动物医生
108. so + 形/ 副+that 从句
The place is so cold that nothing can grow in winter.
这地方太冷,冬天什么都不长.
so + many / few+ 复数名词 +that 从句
（He has so many books that I don’t know which one to borrow.
他有那么多书,我不知道借哪一本）
so + much / little+ 不可数名词+that 从句
She has so little money that she can’t buy anything . 她钱太少,什么也买不到.
so+ 形容词 +a / an + 单数名词 +that 从句
This is so good a book that all of us like reading it.
such +a / an+ 形容词+ 单数名词+ that 从句
This is such an interesting story that all of us like it.
such + 形容词+ 复数名词+that 从句.
such + 形容词+ 不可数名词+that 从句
It is such fine weather today that many children are playing outside.
109 .tell sb about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 tell sb+ 从句 tell sb. to do sth.让某人做某事
tell a lie 说谎 tell a story 讲故事 thank you for +n ./V-ing 谢谢你
… too +adj. / adv. + to + v. 太……而不能 too much （修饰名词）太多,过分
much too（修饰adj./adv.）太
110. hope / wish+ 不定式（或从句）,wish sb. to do sth.
What do you mean by…？
等于 What does… mean ？……是什么意思？
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